| Record | OBS-0858 |
|---|---|
| Category | Secret Societies/Groups |
| Status | UNPROVEN |
| Summary | A conspiracy theory claiming that the Illuminati and Freemasons secretly control world events, originating from elite reactions to the French Revolution. Proponents believe these groups orchestrate revolutions and manipulate governments. |
| Origin | The theory emerged in the late 18th century, with works like John Robison's 'Proofs of a Conspiracy' (1797) and Augustin Barruel's 'Memoirs Illustrating the History of Jacobinism' (1797-98). |
| Claimed |
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| Evidence / consensus | Historians consider the Illuminati-Masonic conspiracy theories to be unfounded and based on misinterpretations and fabrications. There is no credible evidence of such a grand conspiracy. |
Sources are external and provided for verification. Listing does not imply the Observer endorses their claims.